TINJAUAN STUDI NARATIF TRAUMA DAN PERMASALAHAN KELUARGA: ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCE

Reni Ferida, Dinda Afiyata Vika, Annisa Hidayati

Abstract


Abstract. Adverse Childhood Experiences are potentially traumatizing events that occur in
childhood. ACEs can include violence, abuse, and growing up in a family with mental health
or substance use issues. Adverse Childhood Experience is divided into 3, namely violence
(physical, emotional, and sexual), household conflict (abusive treatment of the mother,
substance abuse by family members, mental disorders of family members and divorce), and
neglect (emotional and physical). The method used in this research is Narrative Literature
Review (NLR). Narrative Literature Review (NLR) is one approach in writing that aims to
convey a comprehensive overview of the topic of trauma and family problems of Adverse
Childhood Experience. This literature review uses data obtained from research that has been
published in journals in the last 5 years with databases obtained using Scopus,
ScienceDirect, and Sinta. The results of this study show that ACEs are common among
parents and are associated with mental health problems. ACEs also affect parenting behavior
through direct and indirect pathways. There are several interventions that can be carried out
in individuals who experience Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs), such as cognitive
behavioral therapy (CBT), other psychological therapies, psychoeducation, parent/caregiver
training, cross-sector support, educational interventions, and housing and life skills
interventions can provide benefits in supporting individuals exposed to ACEs.

Abstrak: Adverse Childhood Experiences atau pengalaman masa kecil yang merugikan
adalah peristiwa yang berpotensi menimbulkan trauma yang terjadi di masa kanak-kanak.
ACE dapat mencakup kekerasan, pelecehan, dan tumbuh dalam keluarga dengan masalah
kesehatan mental atau penggunaan narkoba. Adverse Childhood Experience terbagi menjadi
3, yaitu kekerasan (fisik, emosional, dan seksual), konflik rumah tangga (perlakuan kasar
pada ibu, penyalahgunaan zat oleh anggota keluarga, gangguan mental anggota keluarga dan
perceraian), dan penelantaran (emosi dan fisik). Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini
adalah Narrative Literature Review (NLR). Narrative Literature Review (NLR) merupakan
salah satu pendekatan dalam penulisan yang bertujuan untuk menyampaikan gambaran
menyeluruh tentang topik trauma dan problem - problem keluarga Adverse Childhood
Experience. Literature review ini menggunakan data yang diperoleh dari penelitian yang
telah terpublikasi jurnal dalam 5 tahun terakhir dengan database yang didapatkan
menggunakan Scopus, ScienceDirect, dan Sinta. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa
ACE umum terjadi pada orang tua dan berhubungan dengan masalah kesehatan mental. ACE
juga mempengaruhi pola asuh perilaku melalui jalur langsung dan tidak langsung. Terdapat
beberapa intervensi yang dapat dilakukan pada individu yang mengalami Adverse Childhood
Experiences (ACE), seperti terapi perilaku kognitif (CBT), terapi psikologis lainnya, 

psikoedukasi, pelatihan orang tua/pengasuh, dukungan lintas sektor, intervensi pendidikan,
dan intervensi perumahan dan keterampilan hidup dapat memberikan manfaat dalam
mendukung individu yang terpapar ACE.


Keywords


adverse childhood experience, family problem, mental health, narative literature review. kesehatan mental, pengalaman masa kecil yang merugikan, permasalahan keluarga, tinjauan naratif

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