The Role of Spousal Support and Work-Family Conflict in Predicting Turnover Intention Among Working Mothers in Semarang

Devina Aldela; Talitha Lintang Pertiwi

doi:10.31293/mv.v9i1.9375

The Role of Spousal Support and Work-Family Conflict in Predicting Turnover Intention Among Working Mothers in Semarang

Devina Aldela, Talitha Lintang Pertiwi

Abstract

Abstract:

Working mothers who juggle dual roles often experience conflict between work demands and family responsibilities, which significantly influences their intention to leave their jobs. This study focuses on exploring the simultaneous effects of spousal support and work-family conflict on the turnover intention of working mothers in the city of Semarang. The study employed a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. Purposive sampling was used to ensure the sample of 195 respondents met the established criteria. The measurement tools included scales for Spousal Support, Work-Family Conflict, and Turnover Intention. Data analysis utilized multiple linear regression in SPSS version 27 for Windows. The regression test results showed that the simultaneous effect of the research variables on turnover intention was 39,8%. Spousal support has a negative effect on turnover intention of -0.374, while work-family conflict has a significant positive effect on turnover intention of 0.939. The findings confirm the important role of spousal support in reducing the impact of work-family conflict on turnover intention and strengthening personal resilience and employee retention and the retention of quality employees in the company. Practically, these results have implications for companies in Semarang to develop family-friendly policies such as work flexibility, family support programs, and a supportive organizational culture to retain female employees and reduce turnover intention levels.

Full Text:

PDF

References

Achmad, T., & Putro, D. (2023). Women's career challenges: work-family balance and turnover intentions in working women. Psikostudia: Jurnal Psikologi, 12(1), 87-91. https://doi.org/10.30872/psikostudia.v12i1.9333

Ahzam, F. I. (2023). Analisis pengaruh job resources dan personal resources terhadap turnover intention dengan work engagement sebagai variabel mediasi. (Skripsi, Universitas Islam Indonesia). https://dspace.uii.ac.id/handle/123456789/44664

Akbar, D. A. (2017). Konflik peran ganda karyawan wanita dan stres kerja. Jurnal Kajian Gender Dan Anak, 12(1), 33–48. https://jurnal.radenfatah.ac.id/index.php/annisa/article/view/1464

Alteza, M., & Hidayati, L. N. (2008). Work family conflict pada wanita bekerja: studi tentang penyebab, dampak dan strategi coping. Laporan Penilaian (Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. 2009).

Anandita, W. (2017). Hubungan antara dukungan sosial suami dan kesejahteraan psikologis pada ibu yang bekerja. (Skripsi, Universitas Islam Indonesia). https://dspace.uii.ac.id/handle/123456789/10416

Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Jawa Tengah. (2023). Provinsi Jawa Tengah dalam angka 2023. https://jateng.bps.go.id/id/publication/2023/02/28/754e4785496c09ab1f787570/provinsi-jawa-tengah-dalam-angka-2023.html

Badan Pusat Statistik. (2025, Agustus). Perempuan sebagai tenaga profesional. https://www.bps.go.id/id/statistics-table/2/NDY2IzI=/perempuan-sebagai-tenaga-profesional.html

Bakker, A. B., & Demerouti, E. (2007). The job demands‐resources model: State of the art. Journal of managerial psychology, 22(3), 309-328. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940710733115

Cahyadi, A. (2023). Gambaran Work Family Conflict Pada Karyawan Dengan Pasangan Yang Bekerja. Wacana Psikokultural, 1(01), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.24246/jwp.v1i01.10035

Chen, I. S., & Fellenz, M. R. (2020). Personal resources and personal demands for work engagement: Evidence from employees in the service industry. International journal of hospitality management, 90, 102600. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102600

Cohen, S., & Wills, T. A. (1985). Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis. Psychological bulletin, 98(2), 310.-357. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0033-2909.98.2.310

Cucuani, H., & Ramadhani, I. A. (2025). Personality and Counterproductive Work Behavior: The Mediating Role of Job Stress. Motiva: Jurnal Psikologi, 8(2), 234-244. https://doi.org/10.31293/mv.v8i2.8636

Cuyper, D.N., Mauno, S., Kinnunen, U., & Mäkikangas, A. (2011). The role of job resources in the relation between perceived employability and turnover intention: A prospective two-sample study. Journal of vocational behavior, 78(2), 253-263. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2010.09.008

Darmawan, F., & Vita, E. (2017). Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja dan Kepuasan Kerja terhadap Turnover Intention Karyawan pada PT. Sefas Pelindotama Jakarta. Journal Kwik Kian Gie School of Business, 1(1), 1-9. http://eprints.kwikkiangie.ac.id/2194/

Frans., Rahmi, T., Febriani, U., & Dita, I.A. (2023). Dukungan Sosial Pasangan Dan Work Family Conflict Pada Guru Honorer Wanita. CAUSALITA: Journal Of Psychology, 1(2), 150 – 160. https://doi.org/10.62260/causalita.v3i3

Gina, F., & Fitriani, Y. (2022). Regulasi emosi dan parenting stres pada ibu bekerja. Jurnal Kajian Ilmiah, 22(1), 45-52. https://doi.org/10.31599/7rwzr490

Greenhaus, J. H., & Beutell, N. J. (1985). Sources of conflict between work and family roles. Academy of management review, 10(1), 76-88. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1985.4277352

Hakim, A. L., & Sudarmiatin, S. (2018). The effect of work stress on turnover intention with work satisfaction and commitment as intervening variable (study at pt infomedia solusi humanika in Malang). European Journal of Business and Management, 10(12), 85-95. https://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/EJBM/article/view/42153

Haq, M.F., & Nio, S.R. (2023). Hubungan Spouse Support Terhadap Work Family Conflict Pada Wanita Bekerja Yang Memiliki Anak. Edusociata Jurnal Pendidikan Sosiologi, 6(2), 1470 – 1476. https://doi.org/10.33627/es.v6i2.1767

Harefa, P. P. P., & Rozali, Y. A. (2020). Pengaruh dukungan sosial terhadap konsep diri pada remaja korban bullying. JCA of Psychology, 1(01),1-8. https://jca.esaunggul.ac.id/index.php/jpsy/article/view/36

Hartini, S., Cempaka, R. R., Lufthiansyah, M. F., Sekali, O. K., Elvinawanty, R., & Simatupang, M. (2024). Turnover intention ditinjau dari work family conflict pada karyawati/pegawai wanita Universitas Prima Indonesia. Jurnal Diversita, 10(1), 88–98. https://doi.org/10.31289/diversita.v10i1.11717

Haslam, D., Filus, A., Morawska, A., Sanders, M. R., & Fletcher, R. (2015). The Work–Family Conflict Scale (WAFCS): Development and initial validation of a self-report measure of work–family conflict for use with parents. Child Psychiatry & Human Development, 46(3), 346-357. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-014-0476-0

Hobfoll, S. E., Halbesleben, J., Neveu, J. P., & Westman, M. (2018). Conservation of resources in the organizational context: The reality of resources and their consequences. Annual review of organizational psychology and organizational behavior, 5, 103-128. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-orgpsych-032117-104640

Hobfoll, S. E. (1989). Conservation of resources: a new attempt at conceptualizing stress. American psychologist, 44(3), 513. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003 066X.44.3.513

Huffman, A. H., Casper, W. J., & Payne, S. C. (2014). How does spouse career support relate to employee turnover? Work interfering with family and job satisfaction as mediators. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 35(2), 194-212. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.1862

Jacobs, E., & Roodt, G. (2007). The development of a knowledge sharing construct to predict turnover intentions. Aslib Proceedings, 59(3), 229–248. https://doi.org/10.1108/00012530710752034

Kim, S., Tam, L., Kim, J. N., & Rhee, Y. (2017). Determinants of employee turnover intention: Understanding the roles of organizational justice, supervisory justice, authoritarian organizational culture and organization-employee relationship quality. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, 22(3), 308-328. https://doi.org/10.1108/CCIJ-11-2016-0074

Kurniawati, N. I., Werdani, R. E., & Pinem, R. J. (2018). Analisis pengaruh work family conflict dan beban kerja terhadap stres kerja dalam mempengaruhi turnover intention (Studi pada karyawan PT. Bank Negara Indonesia (Persero), Tbk wilayah Semarang). Jurnal Administrasi Bisnis, 7(2), 95-102. https://doi.org/10.14710/jab.v7i2.22694

Cho, Y. J., & Lewis, G. B. (2012). Turnover intention and turnover behavior: Implications for retaining federal employees. Review of public personnel administration, 32(1), 4-23.. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371X11408701

Lua, L., & Kristianingsih, S. A. (2023). Hubungan Antara Stres Kerja Dengan Turnover Intention Karyawan Di Pt. X. Motiva: Jurnal Psikologi, 5(2), 115-123. http://ejurnal.untag-smd.ac.id/index.php/MV/article/view/6484/6112

Maksum, I., Fikriah, N. L., & Hawabi, A. I. (2022). Bagaimana konflik pekerjaan-keluarga dapat membahayakan kinerja? Integrasi conservation of resources theory. Jurnal Ekonomi Modernisasi, 18(1), 22-37. https://doi.org/10.21067/jem.v18i1.6343

Mariyanti, S., Lunanta, L. P., & Ratnaningtyas, A. (2024). Kontribusi social support dalam meningkatkan work engagement pada perempuan bekerja yang menjalani peran ganda. Journal on Education, 6(4), 20762-20772. https://doi.org/10.31004/joe.v6i4.6193

Maula, N., Swastikasari, A., & Rahmanawati, F. Y. (2025). Pengaruh dukungan sosial suami terhadap tingkat stres pengasuhan ibu bekerja. Liberosis: Jurnal Psikologi dan Bimbingan Konseling, 16(3), 121-130. https://doi.org/10.8734/liberosis.v1i2.365

Maziyya, A. A., Islam, N. R. Q., & Nisa, H. (2021). Hubungan beban kerja, work-family conflict, dan stres kerja pada pekerja di wilayah Pulau Jawa saat pandemi covid-19 di tahun 2020. Media Penelitian Dan Pengembangan Kesehatan, 31(4), 337-346. https://doi.org/10.22435/mpk.v31i4.4377

Mobley, W. H., Horner, S. O., & Hollingsworth, A. T. (1978). An evaluation of precursors of hospital employee turnover. Journal of Applied psychology, 63(4), 408. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0021-9010.63.4.408

Mobley, W. H., Griffeth, R. W., Hand, H. H., & Meglino, B. M. (1979). Review and conceptual analysis of the employee turnover process. Psychological Bulletin, 86(3), 493–522. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.86.3.493

Mulyaningsih, S. A., & Tanuwijaya, J. (2023). Pengaruh Job Stress, Perceived Organizational Support, Work Family Conflict Terhadap Turnover Intention Pada Pt Xyz. Jesya (Jurnal Ekonomi dan Ekonomi Syariah), 6(2), 1546-1561.https://doi.org/10.36778/jesya.v6i2.1066

Noor, S., & Maad, N. (2008). Examining the relationship between work life conflict, stress and turnover intentions among marketing executives in Pakistan. International journal of Business and Management, 3(11), 93-102. https://doi.org/10.5539/ijbm.v3n11p93

Noviati, N. P., Kadiyono, A. L., Sulastiana, M., & Lubis, F. Y. (2025). Career Decision-Making in Indonesia: Cultural Values among Javanese, Sundanese, and Minangkabau. Motiva: Jurnal Psikologi, 8(2), 162-181. https://doi.org/10.31293/mv.v8i2.8893

Obrenovic, B., Jianguo, D., Khudaykulov, A., & Khan, M. A. S. (2020). Work-family conflict impact on psychological safety and psychological well-being: A job performance model. Frontiers in psychology, 11, 475. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00475

Prasiska, N. N. A., Hudaniah, H., & Andriany, D. (2024). The role of husband support on subjective well-being in working mothers. Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi Terapan, 12(1), 39–45. https://doi.org/10.22219/jipt.v12i1.30784

Putra, I. G. A. P., & Surya, I. B. K. (2020). Pengaruh stres kerja terhadap turnover intention dengan dukungan sosial sebagai variabel pemoderasi. E-Jurnal Manajemen, 9(7), 2790-2809, https://doi.org/10.24843/EJMUNUD.2020.v09.i07.p16

Putri, E., & Anisa, F. (2022). Pengaruh kompensasi, kepuasan kerja, dan stres kerja terhadap turnover intention. Jurnal Fokus Manajemen Bisnis, 12(2), 194–205. https://doi.org/10.12928/fokus.v12i2.6665

Putro, T. A. D., Ajeng, N., & Qomariyah, O. (2020). Stres kerja, keterlibatan kerja dan intensi turnover pada generasi milenial. Psikostudia: Jurnal Psikologi, 9(2), 154-163. https://doi.org/10.30872/psikostudia.v9i2.3837

Rahman, P. R. U., Dimala, C. P., Tourniawan, I., & Ramadan, R. (2024). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi stres pengasuhan pada orang tua anak berkebutuhan khusus. Journal of Education Research, 5(1), 294-300. https://doi.org/10.37985/jer.v5i1.771

Sanca, A., Mahmud, M., Aqmal, D., & Purusa, N. A. (2026). Anteseden kinerja karyawan pada PT. Sanca Sumber Semen. Jurnal Maneksi (Management Ekonomi Dan Akuntansi), 15(1), 441-455. https://doi.org/10.31959/jm.v15i1.3716

Sarafino, E. P. (2008). Health psychology: Biopsychosocial interactions (6th ed.). John Wiley & Sons.

Sari, R. E. R., Dewi, R. S., & Hadi, S. P. (2024). Work life balance, stres, dan job satisfaction : Mengeksplore pengaruhnya terhadap turnover intention pada buruh perempuan. Equilibrium: Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi, Manajemen dan Akuntansi, 13(2), 515-528. https://doi.org/10.35906/equili.v13i2.2071

Shany, A. M., & Susanti, F. (2025). Turnover intention ditinjau dari konflik peran ganda dan work stress pada perawat kontrak di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. M. Djamil Padang. Center of Economic Students Journal, 8(1), 395-409. https://doi.org/10.56750/csej.v8i1.1090

Sofia, W. N. W. Stres kerja dan dukungan sosial terhadap turnover intention pada pekerja barista. Merpsy Journal,15(3), 24-41. https://doi.org/10.22441/merpsy.v15i1.19752

Suardhika, I. N., Rihayana, I. G., & Saraswati, A. A. I. S. (2023). Pengaruh work family conflict beban kerja dan stres kerja terhadap intention to quit karyawan wanita pada industri kerajinan inka di kabupaten jembrana. Widya Amerta, 10(1), 1-17. https://doi.org/10.37637/wa.v10i1.1448

Sulistiyana, F., & Wijono, S. (2025). Lingkungan kerja (fisik dan sosial) sebagai prediktor turnover intention karyawan PT X Boyolali. Journal of Innovation Research and Knowledge, 5(2), 1589-1602. https://doi.org/10.53625/jirk.v5i2.10624

Sundari, P. R. S., & Meria, L. (2022). Pengaruh beban kerja melalui burnout dan kepuasan kerja terhadap turnover intention. ADI Bisnis Digital Interdisiplin Jurnal, 3(2), 81–96. https://doi.org/10.34306/abdi.v3i2.785

Towidjojo, G. A., & Lumintang, G. G. (2024). Pengaruh Work Family Conflict Terhadap Turnover Intention Karyawan Melalui Burnout Sebagai Variabel Mediasi Pada PT. Pegadaian Cabang Kotamobagu. Jurnal Ekonomi, Manajemen dan Akuntansi, 3025-1192. https://doi.org/10.572349/neraca.v2i8.2105

Tsani, R. R. (2016). Pengaruh lingkungan kerja dan kepuasan kerja terhadap turnover intention (Studi Pada Karyawan Produksi PT YB Apparel Jaya Temanggung). Jurnal Manajemen Bisnis Indonesia, 5(5), 504-515. https://journal.student.uny.ac.id/index.php/jmbi/article/view/5051

Utami, K. P., & Wijaya, Y. D. (2018). Hubungan dukungan sosial pasangan dengan konflik pekerjaan-keluarga pada Ibu Bekerja. Jurnal Psikologi, 16(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.47007/jpsi.v16i1.24

Widya, Y., & Purba, S. D. (2019). Apakah work-family conflict berdampak pada turnover intention? (studi pada perawat wanita). Journal Of Business & Applied Management, 12(1), 91–106. https://doi.org/10.30813/jbam.v12i01.1620

Yanti, N., & Hermaleni, T. (2019). Kontribusi dukungan sosial pasangan terhadap work family conflict pada karyawati bank. Jurnal Riset Psikologi, 3, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.63822/991zys21

DOI: https://doi.org/10.31293/mv.v9i1.9375